Valgus deformation of the foot tree: degree, treatment

The valgus deformation of the thumb of the foot is the most common orthopedic disease.The main feature is the curvature of 1 Plusnephalanx joint.In the early stages, it manifests itself in the form of a small growth near the thumb.Pathology has a slow development, so it is quite difficult to diagnose it in the initial phases.The valgus deformation is often combined with a violation of blood supply to tissue, which leads to the development of arthritis or osteoarthritis.In the absence of treatment in the thumb joint, an acute inflammatory process occurs, which is referred to as the Bursit.

What contributes to the curvature of the finger?

The causes of the valgus deformation can be different, the most important among them are taken into account:

• flat feet;
• Congenital pathologies of the voltage joint;
• Muscle weakness that leads to the pathological mobility of bone surfaces;
• Foot injuries;
• The destruction of cartilage against the background of arthritis or arthrosis.

The wearing of unpleasant shoes in order to bear the reasons for the occurrence of the disease does not apply, the development of the pathological process can accelerate.Therefore, Khalus Valgus is most common in women.There are other pathological reasons why the first finger of the foot can bend.Osteoporosis develops from bone tissue when washing out of calcium, making them less tight.This leads to a change in the shape of the joint.Almost every person with symptoms of a valgus deformation has one of 2 types of flat feet.Endocrine disorders contribute to a decrease in the strength of the ligaments, which is why they cannot keep the joint in the correct position.The risk group includes women who are used to walking in high -headed shoes.The provision of increased loads on the toes accelerates the curvature process of the joint.Ballet dancers have to stand on socks for a long time, which can lead to a deformation of the feet.Therefore, the valgus deformation can be found in just 3% of people under the age of 30, while all 5 people among older people have a similar problem.This disease most often occurs in patients whose parents had pathologies of the musculoskeletal system.

Clinical image of the disease

The curvature of the thumb of the leg in the initial phase is quite difficult to notice.A person notices that she feels uncomfortable to go to the usual shoes.After a long stay in a standing position, pain syndrome occurs.Over time, the main sign of the pathology appears - the deviation of the first metatarsophalangeal joint for the second with the formation of the so -called cone.The rest of the fingers has the shape of the hammering.The patient can have chronic fatigue and difficulties in choosing shoes.Over time, grains appear on the skin of the feet and bring many inconvenience to a person.The most common signs of valgus deformation are painful sensations associated with inflammation of the synovial membrane.A soft seal appears in the first finger.The skin of the affected area blushes and swells.Over time, bone corn is formed and stimulated softly and cartilage.There are severe pain while walking.The mobility of the joint is limited, the pathological process can cover all fingers of the foot.

Several degrees of valgus deformation are differentiated, each of which has its own symptoms:

1. Hallux valgus of the 1st degree is no more than 20 ° due to the curvature of the finger.There is no pain at the same time.
2. In the case of a 2-degree disease, the joint is moved by 21-30 °.Unpleasant sensations are mild in nature, the mobility of the finger is not disturbed.
3. In the case of valgus deformation of the 3rd degree, the curvature angle exceeds 30 °.Pain in the affected area acquires a constant character.They prevent a person from wearing familiar shoes, walking and doing sports.
4. In 4 stages of the disease, the joint is shifted by more than 50 °.The deformation of this degree is characterized by severe pain, difficulties in choosing the shoes, the formation of a corn.

How this disease is revealed

In order to make a preliminary diagnosis, an examination of the foot and a history of anamnesis are carried out.The doctor should:

• Rate the severity of gear change;
• The degree of curvature of the joint;
• the presence of grains;
• Bone cones.

The most important therapeutic measures

The choice of a certain methodology depends on the degree of deformation of the joint and the severity of pain syndrome.The most effective treatment of the valgus deformation of the thumb of the foot is in the early stages.The therapy can be both conservative and surgical.In addition, the development of orthopedic shoes, which contributes to the correct distribution of the load and prevents the appearance of grains, has the development of the pathological process.Reduce the pressure on the person concernedArea, special insoles and seals.Due to the large number of side effects, these funds are not suitable for longer use.Medicine therapy cannot completely save a person from valgus deformation.With your help you can only remove pain and signs of inflammation.Physiotherapeutic methods are often used to treat the disease - diathermia or ultrasound.However, these methods only bring temporary relief.The most effective is the use of orthopedic devices that are made taking into account the individual characteristics of the foot.The use of supporters and fingers in the early stages of the disease prevents further deformation.With advanced forms of the disease, you can enable orthopedic devices to make walking better.With the help of special insoles, you can eliminate the main cause of the curvature - flat feet.The operation is usually required for 3-4 degrees valgus deformation if conservative treatment is ineffective.The choice of the method depends on the severity of the deformation.With a slight shift of the finger, only bone growth is removed.For this purpose, a small incision in the affected area is produced, according to which the bump is cut and removed.

The distal osteotomy aims to reduce the curvature angle.The lower part of the bone is broken down and installed in the correct position.The proximal osteotomy implies the effect on the upper part of the finger.The thumb connection is completely removed during the operation of Keller brand.The remaining synovial bowl is placed between the plus bone and the main phalanx.In most cases of advanced forms of valgus deformation, surgical interventions are used.The effectiveness of the treatment largely depends on the correctness of the implementation of rehabilitation measures.In the postoperative time, it is necessary to wear solid shoes or use special devices.To reduce the load on the operated leg, you have to use crutches.Shoes should have a wide toe and low heel.It should be remembered that every surgical intervention can lead to the development of complications.

The most dangerous ones are:

• Soft fabric fiction;
• Osteomyelitis;
• Bleeding;
• Shifting of bone fragments;
• Slowing healing processes;
• Loss of sensitivity to fingers.

Avascular neurosis and post -traumatic arthritis are rarer.The prevention of the valgus deformation is a constant visit to an orthopedic surgeon.Wearing shoes with high heels should be rejected.The use of orthopedic insoles is recommended.Long stay in a standing position is prohibited.Valgus deformation is a fairly serious disease that can worsen the quality of the patient's life so that treatment should begin in the early stages.

Khalus valgus (hallux valgus) treatment without surgery

Excessive body weight that carries uncomfortable shoes leads to the look of the inside of the painkillers of the painful, hyperemic advantage.It's called - Hallux Valgus.What is Hallux Valgus?The clear term literally decodes as follows: Hallux is a thumb and valgus is curvature.The leaded lead is the media part of the head of the first midfoot leg bone.At the same time, it gradually goes off from other midfoot bones that visually increase the size of the size.This disease manifests itself in severe pain, it becomes impossible to wear normal shoes.The skin above the lead is constantly rubbed, inflamed, in rare cases they bleed.Due to medical help for medical help, a significant deformation of all metatarsophhalangeal joints is made.The first and the second finger is crossed, other fingers can involuntarily bend while the expansion becomes impossible.

Causes of the disease

To better understand what the Khalus valgus is, you need to know the causes and the mechanism of the occurrence of this disease.It develops most frequently in women because their band apparatus is not as strong as in men.Such deformation does not develop independently, the effect of the following pathogenic factors is required for your manifestation:

• Increased body weight -In fat people, the strain in the area of the Plusno flanning -joints increases, which leads to a stretching of the band apparatus that connects the midfoot bones.
• Narrow, uncomfortable, pressing into high heels are shoes of the main trigger of this condition.Often the wearing of shoes with a narrow toe, also in high heels, contributes to a constant change in the physiological position of the thumb, which is why it gradually rejects.
• Changes in the hormonal background, which often occur in people of the fair gender, contribute to a change in the metabolism and the trophism of the connective tissue, which leads to an increased stretching of the tendons that affect their integrity.
• Traumatization - Significant damage to the tendons of muscles that carry out the leading and distracting functions provokes the dominance of the efforts of one of them that is the cause of the deviation of the first midfoot leg bone;
• Diabetes mellitus - leads to the development of the diabetic foot, which is characterized by impaired bloodstream and trophism of muscles, tendons and ribbons, which enables the deformations to manifest itself;
• Arthritis and arthrosis of the thumb of the legs can lead to the development of a chronic inflammatory focus.These diseases also stimulate the process of growing osteophytes, which can cause the affected joint to deform.
• Pregnancy is a time in the life of a woman when a complete hormonal restructuring occurs, and an increase in the abdomen transmits the load to the front parts of the feet, which provokes the development of the Khalus Valgus.

Stadiums of Hallux Valgus

The gravity degree of Khalus Valgus is determined on the basis of the angle between the first midfoot bone and the second and the deviation angle of the thumb from the first midfoot bone.There are three stages of development of this disease:

1. Hallux Valgus of the 1st degree is characterized by minimal deviations that make up: the intermediate flood angle of less than 12 degrees, and the deviation of the thumb does not exceed 25 degrees.At the same time, patients may not be completely lacking in pathognomonic symptoms and visual changes are almost invisible.
2. Khalus valgus 2 degrees - manifests itself by increasing the flood corner to 18 degrees, at that time the first finger is rejected more than 25 degrees.With this development of deformation, painful sensations occur, discomfort when wearing ordinary shoes.The pain increases with excessive physical overpressure.The convex part of the plus bone head is constantly, hyperemic, swollen, which indicates an inflammatory process.
3. Hallux Valgus 3 degrees is shown by a significant curvature, the angle between the midfoot bones exceeds 18 degrees and the first and the second finger is crossed.A significant bortification of the red color is observed inside, painful in palpation.Wearing shoes is impossible due to pain.

The treatment tactic depends on the neglect of the pathological process.In the first phases you can use conservative methods that use tires and other fixing devices.The following stage require an urgent operation without which the foot can deform, other undesirable complications will occur.

Halus treatment methods valgus

Before the treatment begins, it is necessary to rule out the effects of pathological factors.First you have to reduce the body weight.For this purpose, patients are recommended to do sports and lead an active lifestyle.An important point is that when carrying out a physical exertion, it is forbidden to apply strength to the affected member.The appointment of nutritional therapy is an important step in the treatment of Khalus Valgus.A specialist can recommend an effective diet, but must necessarily include products that are rich in vitamins and minerals that help to improve the condition of the affected joint.

Orthopedic tires and fixators

They are used for constant fixation of deformed plus bones and fingers closer to the rest of the foot.You can use rigid locks - tires that, if they are attached to the foot, do not enable a finger to move.Such a device is used both during sleep and with a long break.You can fall back on the use of silicone fixers.There are silicone fixers that are only attached to the thumb and are attached to all fingers.The main advantage of this development is the ability to go in shoes in it.At the same time, the effective fixation of the plus bone continues, and the bar itself is practically not felt when wearing.